In the evolving landscape of public health, addressing health disparities remains a critical challenge for leaders and policymakers. Despite significant advancements in medical science and healthcare delivery, certain population groups continue to experience unequal access to care, leading to poorer health outcomes.
For public health leaders, the question is not just about improving overall healthcare delivery systems but also tailoring these systems to address the specific needs of marginalized communities. The online Master of Public Health (MPH) – General program from Eastern Washington University (EWU) equips students with the skills and knowledge necessary to tackle these disparities head-on.
What Are Health Disparities?
Health disparities are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence or opportunities to achieve optimal health experienced by socially disadvantaged populations. These disparities often result from social, economic, environmental and structural factors.
For instance, racial and ethnic minorities, low-income individuals and those living in rural areas frequently encounter barriers that prevent them from accessing quality healthcare. The consequences of these disparities are far-reaching, contributing to higher rates of chronic diseases, increased mortality and diminished quality of life for affected groups.
Progress in Addressing Health Disparities
Progress has been made in reducing health disparities, thanks to targeted interventions and policy changes. Initiatives like the Affordable Care Act have expanded healthcare coverage to millions, including many from underserved communities. Moreover, public health campaigns aimed at reducing smoking, promoting vaccinations and improving maternal health have narrowed the gap in certain health outcomes.
However, while there has been progress, substantial challenges remain. Disparities persist in areas such as maternal mortality, mental health and chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension. Addressing these disparities requires not only continued public health efforts but also a deeper understanding of the social determinants of health (SDOH) that contribute to these inequities.
Barriers to Trust in the Healthcare System
One of the significant challenges in addressing health disparities is the mistrust that many communities of color have toward the healthcare system. This mistrust is rooted in a long history of discrimination and unethical practices, such as the infamous Syphilis Study at Tuskegee. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has documented the ongoing disparities in healthcare delivery between racial and ethnic minorities and non-minorities, highlighting the need for systemic changes to rebuild trust.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recognizes the importance of trust in achieving health equity and has implemented several initiatives to improve relationships between healthcare providers and marginalized communities. These efforts include increasing the diversity of the healthcare workforce, promoting cultural competence and involving community members in the design and implementation of public health programs.
Role of Nursing Care Delivery Systems
Nursing care delivery systems are crucial in addressing health disparities, serving as the backbone of patient care across various healthcare settings. These systems encompass the structures, processes and resources through which nursing care is delivered to patients, ensuring that every individual receives the appropriate level of care. Effective nursing care delivery systems are adaptable, patient-centered and responsive to the unique needs of diverse populations.
By optimizing these systems, healthcare providers can make significant strides toward ensuring accessible, equitable and efficient care. This involves a concerted effort to eliminate barriers that prevent certain groups from receiving the quality of care they deserve. For example, healthcare organizations can implement evidence-based practices that standardize care delivery across all patient groups, thus reducing variability and improving outcomes.
Preparing Public Health Leaders to Address Health Disparities
For those interested in confronting these complex issues, EWU’s online MPH – General program offers a comprehensive set of tools to effect positive change. The Health Equity and Advocacy course, in particular, provides students with a baseline understanding of how to identify gaps in care and implement strategies that promote health equity.
Graduates are ready to work with stakeholders across sectors to create more equitable healthcare systems that better serve all population groups. They gain the skills to advocate for policy changes, design targeted interventions and lead initiatives that address the root causes of health disparities.
Make a Lasting Impact on Healthcare
Addressing health disparities requires a multifaceted approach. Such a strategy must include evaluating and optimizing care delivery systems, addressing social determinants of health and rebuilding trust within marginalized communities.
Public health leaders with the right knowledge and skills can drive these efforts, making meaningful strides toward health equity. EWU’s program serves as a vital training ground for these leaders, providing them with the tools needed to make a lasting impact on public health.
Learn more about EWU’s online MPH – General program.
